鐐轰簡璁撴洿澶氱殑璁�鑰呬簡瑙ｄ汉姘戝梗鍗囧�煎付渚嗙殑鍒╁紛闂�(gu膩n)绯伙紝涓嬮潰灏卞皣缍�(w菐ng)涓婄浉闂�(gu膩n)鐨勬鍙嶅叐鏂硅█璜栨憳閷勫涓�锛屼互渚涘弮鑰�銆�
鍙嶅皪浜烘皯骞ｅ崌鍊肩殑浠ｈ〃瑙�榛�(di菐n)濡備笅锛�
缇呯磵寰�•楹ラ噾杈�(n贸ng)锛岀編鍦嬫柉鍧︾澶у(xu茅)缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)绯绘暀鎺�锛岄噾铻嶆繁鍖栬珫鐨勫壍(chu脿ng)濮嬩汉锛屼粬鍦�60骞翠唬浣滅偤闊撳湅鏀垮簻椤у晱锛屾浘鎴愬姛鍦版寚灏�(d菐o)浜嗛煋鍦嬬殑閲戣瀺鏀归潻銆備粬瑾�(r猫n)鐐猴細浜烘皯骞ｅ崌鍊兼槸涓�鍊嬪嵄闅殑澹炲缓璀帮紝杩戝勾渚嗕腑鍦嬪嚭鍙ｇ殑鐚涘宸茬稉(j墨ng)寮曡捣涓�浜涜�佺墝宸ユキ(y猫)鍖栧湅瀹剁殑涓嶆豢锛屾姳鎬ㄤ腑鍦嬬敘(ch菐n)鍝佸お渚垮疁浜�銆傚湪涓湅鐨勮部(m脿o)鏄撻爢宸�ラ�熷闀风殑鍚屾檪锛岃嚜1994骞翠互渚嗕汉姘戝梗鍏岀編鍏冨尟鐜囦竴鐩寸┅(w臎n)瀹氬湪8.3宸﹀彸銆傝ū澶氱稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)瀛�(xu茅)瀹跺凡缍�(j墨ng)寤鸿鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄦ噳(y墨ng)瑭插厑瑷变汉姘戝梗鍗囧��銆傛垜瑾�(r猫n)鐐洪�欐槸涓�鍊嬪嵄闅殑澹炲缓璀般��
鍦ㄥ尟鐜囨槸鍚︽噳(y墨ng)瑭插崌鍊兼柟闈�锛屾棩鏈槸鍓嶈粖涔嬮憭銆�20涓栫磤(j矛)60骞翠唬鍒�90骞翠唬涓湡锛屾棩鏈嫾鏉�銆佹苯杌娿�佹(j墨)姊板拰鍗婂皫(d菐o)楂旂殑鍑哄彛蹇�熷闀�锛屽嚭鐝�(xi脿n)宸ㄩ鐨勮部(m脿o)鏄撻爢宸紝閫欎娇寰楁瓙娲插拰缇庡湅鐨勫伐妤�(y猫)鐣屽湥浼芥銆佹繁鎰熶笉瀹�锛屽苟鐢辨鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熶簡涓嶅皯璨�(m脿o)鏄撶埈绔�銆傜編鍦嬬殑璨℃斂閮ㄩ暦鍊戝拰娆�(qu谩n)濞佷汉澹父甯稿▉鍤囨棩鏈畵鏃ュ厓鍗囧��銆傛棩鏈竴鏂归潰姝ｅ紡鍚屾剰“鑷効”闄愬埗閫欓鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸嚭鍙ｏ紝鍙︿竴鏂归潰榛樿ū閫氶亷鏃ュ厓鍗囧�间締瑙ｆ焙閫欎簺鐖銆傜祼(ji茅)鏋滃緸1971骞�1缇庡厓鍏�360鏃ュ厓涓婂崌鍒颁粖澶╃殑116鏃ュ厓宸﹀彸锛�85骞寸偤250,96骞撮仈(d谩)鍒�87锛�銆傜悊璜栦笂锛屽湪闁嬫斁鐨勭稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)涓�锛岀稉(j墨ng)甯告�ц超鎴堕爢宸敱涓�鍦嬪噲鍎茶搫鍌惧悜鑰岄潪鍖巼姹哄畾锛涘尟鐜囨渶绲傛焙瀹氬湅鍏�(n猫i)閫氳波鑶ㄨ劰鎴栭�氳波绶婄府銆備簨瀵�(sh铆)涔熸鏄姝�锛屾棩鍏冪殑澶у箙鍗囧�间笉浣嗘矑鏈夋秷闄ゆ棩鏈殑璨�(m脿o)鏄撻爢宸紝鍦�20涓栫磤(j矛)80骞翠唬鍜�90骞翠唬鏃ュ厓鐨勫爡鎸洪倓灏嶆棩鏈“閫�涓殑缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)寮�(qi谩ng)鍔犱簡閫氳波绶婄府澹撳姏锛屽苟杩娇鍏跺悕缇╁埄鐜囪定浜庨浂銆傛棩鏈篃鍥犳鎺夊叆鎴戝�戝父瑾殑“娴佸嫊鎬ч櫡闃�”锛岃波骞ｆ斂绛栬定浜庣劇鏁�銆�
鏃ユ湰鐨勭稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鍟忛锛屽緸琛ㄨ薄涓婄湅鏍规簮鏄棩鍏冨崌鍊硷紝鏈汉瑾�(r猫n)鐐轰富瑕佸師鍥犳槸鏃ュ厓鍗囧�煎お蹇付渚嗙殑璨�(f霉)闈㈠奖闊�銆傛棩鍏冨崌鍊煎繀鐒跺付渚嗗嚭鍙ｇ敘(ch菐n)鍝佸児鏍间笅闄�锛岀敘(ch菐n)鍝佹垚鏈瘮閲嶄笂鍗囷紝濡傛灉璨ㄥ梗鍗囧�煎お蹇�锛屽繀鐒堕姺鍞児鏍间綆浜庣敓鐢�(ch菐n)鎴愭湰锛岀敱浜庝紒妤�(y猫)娌掓湁姝ｅ埄娼�锛岃嚜鐒跺晱椤屽澶氥��
涓湅浠婂ぉ宸茬稉(j墨ng)浠嬩簬閫氳波绶婄府鐨勯倞绶�銆傞洊鐒�2003骞存秷璨�(f猫i)鍍规牸鎸囨暩(sh霉)鏈夋湜鍑虹従(xi脿n)0.1%鐨勪笂鎻�(y谩ng)锛屼絾浜烘皯骞ｇ殑浠讳綍鍗囧�奸兘鍙兘浣夸腑鍦嬬稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)闄峰叆閫氳波绶婄府涔嬩腑銆傚湪鍦嬪収(n猫i)鍍规牸绻肩簩(x霉)涓嬮檷鍜屼汉姘戝梗鏈冪辜绾�(x霉)鍗囧�肩殑甯傚牬绶婄府锛岃波骞ｆ斂绛栧皣鏉熸墜鐒＄瓥銆�
鍦ㄦ焙瀹氫竴鍊嬫棦瀹氱殑鍖巼楂斿埗鏄惁鍙互缍寔鐨勯亷绋嬩腑锛岄爯(y霉)鏈熸槸闈炲父閲嶈鐨�銆備腑鍦嬪湪缍寔涓�缇庡厓鍏�8.3浜烘皯骞ｇ殑鍖巼涓凡缍�(j墨ng)缍�(j墨ng)姝蜂簡瑷卞鎲傛叜鐨勬棩瀛�銆傜偤浜嗙董鎸佹澅浜炲湴鍗�(q奴)鐨勬暣楂斿埄鐩婏紝涓湅闋備綇浜嗗鍔涘拰瑷卞涓嶈壇鐨勫鍦嬪缓璀�锛屽湪1997-1998骞存澅鍗椾簽鍗辨(j墨)涓矑鏈夎畵浜烘皯骞ｈ捕鍊笺�傜従(xi脿n)鍦�锛屽湪闀烽仈(d谩)8骞寸殑鍖巼绌�(w臎n)瀹氫箣鍚庯紝涓湅鏀垮簻鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉妸涓�缇庡厓鍏�8.3浜烘皯骞ｈ鐐哄钩琛″尟鐜�锛屾湭渚嗕笉鏈冨洜閲戣瀺浜嬩欢鐨勬疾钀借�岃畩鍖�銆傚挨鍏堕噸瑕佺殑鏄�锛屼笉瑕佽珖?w霉)鎾橆�╄泭娣囧嫼鍏擃嚃锝婼钁楀鍖鍒剁殑鏀炬澗锛屽湪閫欎竴涓績鍖巼涓婁笅鏈変竴瀹氭尝鍕曟槸鍙互鐨�锛涗絾甯傚牬鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉槑鐧戒腑蹇冨尟鐜囨湰韬笉鍦� 瑷庤珫涔嬪垪銆�
涓湅鐨勭浜烘姇璩囪��銆佷紒妤�(y猫)鍜岄噾铻嶆搧鏈夊彲瑙�鐨勬捣澶栫編鍏冩祦鍕曡硣鐢�(ch菐n)銆傞�欎竴缇庡厓鎳哥疆浼拌▓鍗犱腑鍦嬪湅姘戠敓鐢�(ch菐n)绺藉�肩殑10%-20%銆傞�欎簺璩囩敘(ch菐n)姣旇矤(f霉)鍌电殑娴佸嫊鎬ц寮�(qi谩ng)寰楀銆傚洜姝わ紝鍗充娇鏄竴鍊嬬啊鍠殑鍗囧�兼殫绀�锛屽氨鍙兘灏�(d菐o)鑷存媼鍞編鍏冨拰浜烘皯骞ｇ殑澶у箙鍗囧��銆傜祼(ji茅)鏋滃皣鏄湅鍏�(n猫i)閫氳波绶婄府锛屾帴杩戜簬闆剁殑娴佸嫊闄烽槺銆傝┎濡備綍娑堥櫎浜烘皯骞ｅ崌鍊肩殑闋�(y霉)鏈熷憿锛熶腑鍦嬫斂搴滀笉鍍呰绌�(w臎n)瀹氫汉姘戝梗灏嶇編鍏冪殑鍖巼锛岃�屼笖瑕佺郸甯傚牬涓�鍊嬪彲淇＄殑鎵胯——涓嶆渻鏀硅畩瑭插尟鐜囷紙浣滆�呰獚(r猫n)鐐猴細鏃ュ厓鐨勫崌鍊兼湰韬矑鏈夐尟锛岄尟鐨勬槸鏀垮簻鎺у埗涓嶅姏锛岃嚧浣胯波骞ｅ崌鍊肩殑閫熷害澶揩锛�銆�
璀氶泤鐜诧紙涓湅閵�琛屽湅闅涢噾铻嶇爺绌舵墍鍓爺绌跺摗锛屼腑鍦嬪湅闅涚稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)闂�(gu膩n)绯诲(xu茅)甯稿嫏(w霉)鐞嗕簨锛夎獚(r猫n)鐐猴細鎴戜竴鐩村爡鎸佷汉姘戝梗淇濇寔绌�(w臎n)瀹氱殑瑙�榛�(di菐n)锛屽洜?y脿n)妤滷(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ鍦嶇稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)褰㈠嫝澶嫊钑�銆傜┒绔熺編鍏冨氨閫欐ǎ涓�璺捕涓嬪幓锛岄倓鏄渻璧板挤(qi谩ng)锛屾矑鏈変竴鍊嬪畾鏁�(sh霉)锛岀暍绔熺編鍦嬬稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鏈韩灏卞厖婊夸簡涓嶇⒑瀹氥�傞�欐檪鍊欏嫊鍖巼鏄竴榛�(di菐n)濂借檿閮芥矑鏈夌殑銆傚湪鍏ㄧ悆鍖栫殑浠婂ぉ锛岃タ鏂圭櫦(f膩)閬�(d谩)鍦嬪鍦ㄤ笘鐣岀稉(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鐨勬牸灞�涓崰鎿�(j霉)钁椾富灏�(d菐o)鍦颁綅锛岀劇璜栧叾缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)瀵�(sh铆)鍔�銆佹斂绛栫殑閬�(y霉n)鐢ㄧ┖闁撻倓鏄皪涓栫晫缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)鐨勫奖闊垮姏閮介仩(yu菐n)閬�(yu菐n)楂樹簬鎴戝��锛屽湪浠栧�戠殑缍�(j墨ng)婵�(j矛)铏曚簬涓嶇⒑瀹氱殑鐙�鎱�(t脿i)涓殑鏅傚��锛屾垜鍊戝嫊鍖巼鍙渻甯朵締琚嫊鍜岃矤(f霉)闈㈡晥鎳�(y墨ng)銆傞�欐柟闈㈡嘲鍦�銆侀樋鏍瑰环銆佸反瑗挎槸鍓嶈粖涔嬮憭锛屼粬鍊戦兘鏄敱浜庡嫊鍖巼閫犳垚璨ㄥ梗澶у箙搴︽尝鍕�锛屽紩鐧�(f膩)閲戣瀺甯傚牬鎶曡硣淇″績鐨勪笉绌�(w臎n)瀹氾紝灏�(d菐o)鑷村璩囧ぇ閲忓娴�锛屾渶绲傚皫(d菐o)鑷撮噾铻嶅嵄姗�(j墨)鍜屽嫊钑╋紝娉板湅鐢氳嚦鍚屾檪鍑虹従(xi脿n)璨ㄥ梗鍜岄妧琛屽嵄姗�(j墨)銆�
鏇村鏂囩珷锛�
婢冲ぇ鍒╀簽鏄ぇ娲嬫床鐨�“閲戠泦“閫ｈ級涔嬩笁
婢冲ぇ鍒╀簽鏄ぇ娲嬫床鐨�“閲戠泦“閫ｈ級涔嬩簩
婢冲ぇ鍒╀簽鏄ぇ娲嬫床鐨�“閲戠泦“閫ｈ級涔嬩竴
婢冲ぇ鍒╀簽鏄ぇ娲嬫床鐨�“閲戠泦“